Pwnagotchi

Origin

"Pwnagotchi is an A2C-based “AI” powered by bettercap that learns from its surrounding WiFi environment in order to maximize the crackable WPA key material it captures (either through passive sniffing or by performing deauthentication and association attacks). This material is collected on disk as PCAP files containing any form of crackable handshake supported by hashcat, including full and half WPA handshakes as well as PMKIDs" Source: pwnagotchi.ai

The Spark of Curiosity

As a cybersecurity enthusiast with a penchant for technology, this journey began with an intriguing discovery while browsing on a cybersecurity forum: the Pwnagotchi. This small, AI-powered device captures WiFi handshakes and learns from its environment, combining hardware hacking and machine learning in a charming, Tamagotchi-like package. I was immediately captivated and decided to build one.

Gathering the Pieces

Pwnagotchi WiFi Audit Tool Build / Guide - James A. Chambers The first step was to gather the necessary components. After some Amazon shopping, I secured a Raspberry Pi Zero W for next-day delivery. Aiming to create a "Slimagotchi," I attempted to remove the preinstalled GPIO headers, which resulted in a damaged Pi. Undeterred, I ordered replacements, learning the value of spares, especially at just $20 each. This time, I opted for units without preinstalled headers. Additionally, I acquired a Waveshare 2.13" E-Ink/e-Paper display and a PiSugar S Lipo battery. With careful soldering, the assembly was completed.

Supplies from Amazon (non-affiliate links)

Software

I explored several tutorials, finding the most helpful one by Talking Sasquach on Youtube(shown below) complemented by a guide from Xyl0se on Github.

Initially, I used version 1.5.5 of the software but encountered significant issues. Eventually, I discovered Jayofelony's version 2.8.9, which worked exceptionally well. After several iterations and different software configurations, I found a combination that worked seamlessly.

The Waveshare 2.13" display I received was version 4, which was easy to accommodate. However, the Bluetooth function presented challenges. There are two approaches: pairing through bluetoothctl or allowing the Pwnagotchi to pair automatically. The latter approach didn't work, but manual pairing as described on pwnagotchi.ai did the trick.

Connecting to my home WiFi also posed a problem, as the Pi Zero kept rebooting whenever a specific plugin was installed. Disabling the plugin resolved the issue, and I successfully installed additional plugins like aircrackonly, handshake-dl, and hashie.

Case

I found a .stl on printables.com and got my 3rd printer straight to work. I already had Olive Green PLA loaded in my FLSun Delta Printer and that sounded like a good idea so I started the print. Two and a half hours later the case was done. Unfortunately the print looked absolutely terrible. What appears to be a combination of stretched belts, waterlogged pla, and my machine settings all out of whack I decided that was a side project I did not have the desire for at the moment and hopped on etsy to see what I could find. In comes Harbulary Dynamax on Etsy with a fantastic looking metallic rainbow filament. The model he uses is fantastic. The top and bottom are separate plates with a partial divider in the middle which requires the screen to be separated from the Pi02 and assembled back into the case. This makes for an exceptionally sturdy design. The tolerances on end plates are very tight with little movement. If you need a case for your Pwnagotchi I highly recommend you check out his store on Etsy.

Going for a walk

With all the parts assembled it was time to test Tacoyachi. I took my daughter to the local mall (HotTopic was calling to us) and after some lunch in the food court and walking around the mall a bit we returned home with 17 captured handshakes.

Conclusion

Since completing the build, I have taken my Pwnagotchi on numerous walks while running errands. It is immensely satisfying to see the device in action, silently capturing WiFi handshakes and learning from its environment. Each handshake it captures represents a small victory, a testament to the successful integration of hardware and software in this compact device. The Pwnagotchi project not only allowed me to delve deeper into hardware hacking and machine learning but also provided practical insights into the nuances of WiFi security. The experience highlighted the importance of persistence, troubleshooting, and adaptability—skills crucial in the field of cybersecurity. It also reinforced my belief in the power of community and shared knowledge, as I relied heavily on tutorials, forums, and guides from fellow enthusiasts.

Beyond the technical achievements, this project has had a personal impact as well. It was a bonding experience with my daughter, who accompanied me on several walks, curious about the device's purpose and functionality. Explaining the project to her in simple terms was a delightful challenge, and it sparked her interest in technology and cybersecurity.

This journey has reignited my passion for hands-on projects and opened new avenues for exploration. The satisfaction derived from building something from scratch, overcoming obstacles, and witnessing its successful operation is unparalleled. It reminds me of the core reason I ventured into cybersecurity: the thrill of solving complex problems and the continuous pursuit of knowledge. Looking ahead, I am excited to leverage the knowledge and experience gained from this project in future endeavors. The Pwnagotchi has not only expanded my technical skills but also inspired a series of new projects. I am already working on an ePaper badge project, reminiscent of the Badger 2040 but with a larger screen. Additionally, I am planning to build a Cyber Deck, utilizing a full-size Raspberry Pi 5, and a Lanturtle for advanced network testing and penetration.

In conclusion, the Pwnagotchi project has been a remarkable journey of discovery, learning, and growth. It has not only honed my technical skills but also provided a profound sense of accomplishment and joy. I am eager to embark on new projects, each building on the knowledge and experience gained.